COMPONENTS OF AN INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM

It can be seen that there is a close relationship between the teaching-learning process, i.e., educational process and the components of the instructional system. Keeping in mind the educational process, it can be seen that, aims and goals; contents and syllabus; tools used in teaching methods, educational environment and evaluation are components of the instructional system. They have been discussed in detail below.

Component of an Instructional System:

1. Aims and Goals: Before implementing any program or plan, it is very important to first decide what is the goal to be achieved. There is a difference between aims and goals. Aims are very broad, while goals can be easily achieved during that stage. Goal identification means to decide the behavioural changes that are expected to take place in the students due to the implementation of an instructional system. Immediate goals are achieved step-wise. One cannot proceed towards the next step till the expected goals are fulfilled. The desired goal can be achieved by the complete evaluation and additional changes that are necessary in the system. Specific goals are achieved through the fulfillment of the short term goals. By fulfilling the specific goal one can proceed towards achieving the aim.
2. Course and Syllabus: The course and syllabus are helpful in the achievement of the goals decided at the beginning of the educational process. After the syllabus has been finalized contents are the next step that help in achieving the goals therein. The course has elements and sub-elements which are arranged in an ascending order.
3. Instructional System & Methods, Educational Environment: It is important to create a conducive environment for the achievement of the  desired goals. Nevertheless, the main crux of the instructional systems is in this step. The creation of an environment is essential for achieving the expected goal of the two stages mentioned before, namely, goals and syllabus. For this, it is essential to co-ordinate the human component, surrounding component, instructional techniques, study material and instructional system properly. In Instructional system, at this stage, actual action is taken to achieve the expected goals.
4. Evaluation: This is the last stage of an Instructional system. In this stage, it is seen how far the expected goals have been achieved. This means that the estimate of the fulfillment of the goal helps in updation. At the end of the year evaluation is done at the school level. by conducting unit test continuously throughout the year, it can be seen how far the expected behavioural changes have occurred.